Sound recording apparatus



Jan. 9, 1951 Filed April 5, 1948 u. L. Di GHILINI I SOUND RECORDINGAPPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 9, 1951 U. L. D] GHILINI SOUND RECORDINGAPPARATUS 3 sheets sheet 2 Filed April 5, 1948 ATTDRHEIS Jan. 9, 1951Filed April 5, 1948 U. L. DI GHILINI SOUND RECORDING APPARATUS 3Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Jan. 9, l951 SOUND RECORDING APPARATUS Ulrich L.di Ghilini, deceased, late of Beverly Hills, Califi, by Alexander E. diGhilini and Leo E. di Ghilini, administrators, Beverly Hills, Calif.,assignors, by decree of court, of one-third to Alexander E. di Ghilini,one-third to L. Elston di Ghilini, and one-third to Leo W. PetroffApplication April 5, 1948,'Serial No. 19,106

This invention relates to an apparatus for recording and reproducingsound on and from a disk record, and refers particularly to an apparatusof the type in which a'constant groove speed is maintained relative tothe stylus. I

One object of the present invention is to pro vide an apparatus of theabove-described class, in which an improved arrangement is included fordriving the turntable by means of a friction wheel, the apparatus beingcharacterized ,bythe fact that the carriage is provided with a forkportion through which the drive shaft extends, and by which the carriageis partially supported. The apparatus is further characterized by thefact that a roller ispositioned in this fork keyed to the drive shaftcarried axially by the movement of the carriage, the friction wheelbeing adapted to be squeezed between this roller and the turntable indriving position. By this constructure of the carriage and arrangementfor driving the turntable through the friction wheel, it is found thata, markedly superior recording operation is effected.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved stylusarm mounting and control apparatus. The stylus arm and control ap aratusof the present invention is characterized by the fact that it is movableinto three positions: one, a release position for shifting the carriagewhere the arm is elevated from the turntable; two, a play-back positionwhere the stylus arm is substantially locked to the carriage so as to bebodily radially moved with the movements of the carriage. the stylusarm, however, being permitted a slight freedom of rotation about avertical axis equivalent to moving the stylus to small numbered, two orthree. groove widths; and a third position intended for recording, inwhich the entire weight of the arm is disposed upon the stylus and allfreedom-of movement of the arm about a vertical axis is prevented. so tht the arm is positively locked for bodily movement with the movement ofthe carriage: and in which the weight im osed in this recordingoperating position is adjustable. The ap aratus is further characterizedby the fact t at throu h the'movement of a s ngle control lever thestylus arm m ybe mov d to these respective positions while at the sametime the drivint meansfor the turntable and carriage are controlled.

15 Claims. (01. 2'74 12) drawings, in which:

ure 8.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary plan View with the turntable broken away.

Figure 2 is a side view with the turntable i place.

Figure 3 is an enlarged section mainly on the line'3'3 of Figure 1, butwith the casing of th head partially in section. .7 Figure 4 is afragmentary section substantially on the line 4--4 of Figure l. Figure 5is a fragmentary side view of Figure 4. Figure 6 is a fragmentarysection on the line BB of Figure 3. l

Figure '7 is a fragmentary section on theline 1-1 of Figure 3.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary side view of the stylus arm. V

Figure 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of Fig- Figure 10 is a side viewof a lock employed in Figure 9.

porting a disk 3 of suitable material, such as plastic, upon whichrecordings are to be made. The turntable 2 is attached to an axle 4 andis 1 rotatably mounted by the frame 5. The axle 4 has a worm 6, whichengages a worm wheel attached to a horizontal shaft 5. The shaft 1 hasits major portion threaded as indicated at 8, and

as later described. serves as an advancing scre forthe carriage of theapparatus. a

, .The carriage comprises a main body member f8, which is supported by adrive shaft l0 and a rod II. The rod H is mounted by bearings l2 in theframe 5, so as to be axially slidable through said bearings, and isrigid with the body '90f the carriage so, as to move therewith, being*lield thereto by the set screw l3. The drive shaft Ill; is mounted bybearings l4 supported by the frame 5 and is provided with a pulley I5 bymeans of which it may be driven. The portion of the drive shaft l9between the sides of the frame 5 is provided with a slot l6 intended toact as a key way. As illustrated more clearly in Figure '7,

the body member 9 of the carriage is bifurcated,

mounting spaced apart bearings l1 and I8 receiving the drive shaft I0.

To the body member 9 of the carriage there is mounted a roller member,which comprises a sleeve i9, which may be of metal, the ends of whichhave a bearing contact with the sides of the bifurcation of the member9. On the exterior of this sleeve I9 is mounted a cylinder 25, which maybe of slightly reduced width, which provides a smooth cylindrical outersurface. This cylinder 29 is preferably formed of material such asfiber, plastic or rawhide, which will offer a resistance to slippage tothe friction wheel hereafter described. In order to provide for keyingthis roller member to the slot l6 of the drive shaft l0, and to alsoprovide for its assembly in its intended operating position between thebifurcations or forks of the body member 9, there is provided a U-shapedkey 2|. This U-shaped key is of metal of a width corresponding to that 1of the slot [5, and is mounted in a radial slot through the sleeve |9.The central portion 22 of the U-shaped key 2| is of a width to allowradial movement of the key from the position shown in Figure 7 to anouter position, where it will clear the shaft l and thus allow forassembly of the apparatus. By this construction the roller member iscarried axially of the drive shaft H] by movements of the carriage, butrotates smoothly with the rotation of the drive shaft |9.

One of the bifurcations of the body member 9 of the carriage is againbifurcated, as indicated at 23, to mount a pin 24, to which is pivotedan arm 25, which, as illustrated in Figure 3, carries a threaded shoe 26for engagement with the underside of the threaded portion 8 of the feedserew I, so as to cause an axial movement of the carriage 9 with therotations of the feed screw. The arm 25 is yieldingly urged intoposition to contact the feed screw by the spring 21, and is providedwith a face 28 which, as hereafter explained, is used for moving the armto a retracted positi n- The body 9 of the carriage is provided with avertical slot 28 which receives a friction wheel zontal direction, sothat the friction wheel and arm 29 are movable from the position shownin Figures 3 and i to the. right. In the position shown in Figures 3 and4 the friction wheel has dropped from contact with the underside of theturntable 2 and from contact with the cylinder 3 20. There is provided astop 35 on the body, which in the position shown in Figures 3 and 4limits the lowering of the friction wheel. On movement to the right thefriction wheel 3| is brought into engagement with the cylindrical rollerand raised slightly so as to bring it in contact with the underside ofthe turntable 2. The friction wheel is yieldingly urged to thisoperating position by springs located on opposite sides of the body 9 ofthe, carriage; Th

CJI

slot 3e-of the'body 9 ofthe carriage. has acam portion "for cooperationwith the movement of the friction wheel and arm 29 to the releaseposition shown in Figures 3 and 4 is under control of a rod 31, which isactuated by control mechanism hereafter described.

The body 9 of the carriage has an upwardly extending portion or mountingpost 38, the lower portion of which is vertically slotted as indicatedat 39. On the upper end of this mounting post is positioned a plate 40,and a pin 4| pivotally supports one end of the plate 40 on the mountingpost 39, the pin being mounted at bearing 42. A second pin 43 is axiallymovable through a vertical opening in the mounting post 38 and has atapered upward end 44 of slightly reduced diameter. This pin43 isyieldingly urged downwardly by a spring 45 held to the plate by the setscrew 55. In the position illustrated in Figure 4 the plate it iscapable of undergoing a rotation about the pivot pin 4| of a fewthousandths of an inch, because the tapered portion 45 of the pin G3only is in engagement with the plate is. As later described, the pin 43may be moved upwardly to positively lock the plate 40 against anymovement relative to the post 38. There is also provided a spring lock45 for holding the plate 45 down against the surface of the mountingpost 38.

The plate 4i} has a pair of downwardly turned A stylus arm 48, asillustrated in Figure 6, is pivotally mounted on these ears by means ofset screws 49. This stylus arm is preferably weighted, as indicated at50, by means of a lead weight, and to the stylus arm is pivoted a head5i carrying a stylus 52. The head 5| may be any usual electrical pick-upfor generating electric currents from vibration of the stylus 52 or forvibrating the stylus 52 in response to currents passed to the head 5 I.Above the head 5| is provided a coil spring 5? which acts as a cushionin moving the apparatus but does not materially load the head inoperation. The head 5| is provided with a set screw 53, which operatesto lock stylus 52 in position as well as a stop to limit the headsdownward movement. The head 5| is pivoted, as indicated at 56, to thearm 48 by a locking device illustrated in Figures 9 and 10. Said lockingdevice comprises a rod 55 adapted to be turned by the knob 55, which rodcarries a pin 51 working in a J-slot of a sleeve 59, said rod having aflange 69 at its end. In installing the head 5| the sleeve 59 isinserted in the head 5| which is then moved in position with the slot ina plane parallel to the long axis of head 5| and facing towards stylus52, whereupon the rod 55 is passed axially through the sleeve. It isthen turned clockwise 25 so as to cause pin 5'! to move in the J-slot soas to lock-the parts from axial but not vertical movement, the rod 55then being lockedin a set position by the set screw 58. The J-slotshould have about a arc.

The mechanism of the present invention is movable to three operatingpositions. In one operating position the apparatus is intended forrecording. In the second operating position the apparatus is intendedfor playing back records previously recorded. In the third operatingposition (which is illustrated in the drawings) the apparatus isretracted to allow for shifting of the carriage. Tov condition thevarious elements so that they may be simultaneously moved to these threedifferent operating positions, a cam member 18 is pivoted on-a pin-1|extending through the This cam rod'fifi for elevating the rod 4 3;asthecam turns counterclockwise, as viewed in Figure 4,. after. a shortperiod of rotation of the cam 10. The cam has a sideface13, which is insliding contact with a collar 14 on the rod 31. It is the contactbetween this face and the collar 14 which moves the friction wheel arm29 to the release position as shown in Figure 4. As thecam member 10 isrotated counterclockwise it allows the springs 36 to pull the frictionwheel arm 29'into the operating,

position. The cam member 18 is also provided with a surface 15, which isa segment of a cylinder with the center at the center of rotation of thecam 10. This surface 15, in the position shown in Figure 4 of thedrawings, is in contact with a roller 16 carried by an arm 11. The arm11 is pivoted, as indicated at 18, to the carriage and is attached to aspring 19, which is in turn attached through an adjustment device 80 tothe stylus arm 48. When the cam 18 has been 'rotated a sufficientdistance to disengage the roller 16, the arm I1 may pivot upwardly topartially release the tension of spring I8 in holding the stylus arm 48.

The axle H which is rigid with the cam 18 through the use of a set screw8|, is provided at one side of the post 38 with an enlargement carryingthe operating handle 82. The enlargement also is provided with asegmental cylindrical sur face 83, which in the position illustrated,for example; in Figure 3 of the drawings, is in contact with anextension 84 ofthestylus arm 48, so as to elevate said arm. Oncounterclockwise rotation of the cam III, the cam face 83 releases theextension 84 to permit the arm-48 to drop downwardly as indicated, forexample, in Figure 8. In order to latch the mechanism in the threeintended operating positions, the shaft II is provided on the oppositeside of the post 38 from the operating handle, with a latching devicecomprising the crank member 85, which carries a spring compressed ball88 in position to successfully engage three depressions 8! in a smallplate 88 held to the post 38 by set screws 88.

In operation of the apparatus of the present invention. the controlhandle 82 may be moved first to the releasing position in which theparts are shown in most of the figures of the drawings. In this positionthe stylus arm is held upwardly by contact between the face 83 and theextension 84 of the stylus arm. The face of cam 10 presses on roller 16to increase tension on spring 19 to aid in raising arm 48. Likewise, thefriction wheel arm 29 is shoved to the left,-as viewed in Figure 4, bycontact of the cam in with the collar '!4 so as to release the frictionwheel both from the roller 20 and from the underside of the turntable 2.This motion, through the contact between the pin 34 and face 28 of thearm pivots that arm counterclockwise to release the shoe 26 from theadvancing screw. The apparatus is thus disengaged and the carriage maybe slid radially with respect to the record to any desired position.

Whenthe control handle 82 is rotated to the second operating position,the contact between extensions 83 and 84 is altered through thecurvature of 84 so as to allow the arm 48 to a sume a horizontalposition. In this position only the weight of the head 5| will beimposed on the stylus. controlled by the manufacture of the head. Therotation of the cam-18 to this second operating position has likewiseallowed the friction wheel arm 29 to be drawn back into this operatingposition, so that the friction wheel 3| is in simultaneous The desiredweight for play-back is thus.

time of a record of given size.

of the turntable 2. Simultaneously, the arm 25 has been released so thatits spring 21 may bring the drive shoe 26 into contact withthe advancingIn this position the apparatus is in condition for reproducing recordspreviously recorded. I

When pulley I5 is rotated at constant'speed, the roller 20 is rotated atconstant speed, which in turn drives the friction roller 3| at constantspeed. This friction wheel 3] is mounted-so as to engage the turntable 2at a point insubstantially radial alignment with the stylus 52. Inoperation, therefore, linear groove speed recording and play-back iseffected independent of the radial position of the stylus 52 withrespect to the center of the turntable 2.

In play-back operations the stylus arm 48 is carried radially of theturntable bodily with the movement of the carriage 9. The position ofthe stylus arm and the stylus 52 relative to the carriage is very nearlyrigid except about av horizontal axis, so that the work of moving thestylus .arm is not imposed upon the record. However, a

slight freedom of movement about a vertical axis is desirable inplay-back operations and, accordingly, in this position the tapered end44 of the pin 43 will allow a movement of the stylus corresponding totwo or three groove widths of recording.

By further counterclockwise rotation of cam Ill,

through movement of the arm 82, the apparatus is conditioned forrecording. 'The contact between 83 and 84 is now discontinued so as toallow the arm 48 to drop and impose its weight on head 5|. The headbecomes rigid with arm 48. The weight imposed on the stylus is nowregulated .by the adjustment device 88, since part of the ously, theface '15 of cam 18 releases roller 16 to bring spring '19 into a desiredoperative position. Thereby, the entire weight of the arm 48 isavailable to be imposed upon the stylus 52, spring 52 beingsubstantially compressed and spring 59 now counterbalancing arm 48.

By the apparatus herein described, it is possible to record andreproduce messages on records in which many times the usual lines perinch are recorded and reproduced from the same record, greatlyincreasing the recording and play-back These improvements in operationare dependent to considerable extent on the novel manner by which thefriction wheel 3! is able to drive the turntable 2 by direct contactbetween it and the roller 20, which is rigid with the driv shaft as faras rotary movement is concerned, but which moves axially with thecarriage so as to always present the same surface to the friction wheel3!. In eifecting recordings of this type in recording and playbackoperations, where recording of a great number of lines per radial inchof record are carried out, it is necessary that the operation of the armwhich carries the stylus be positively controlled.- The movement of thearm as the recordings prqceed radially with respect to the record mustbe fcordi'ngly; in play-back operations this arm is ibodily carried withthe carriage, yet'in these play- '.-j-,back operations a very slightfreedom of move- Iment in .the nature of two or three groove widths-must be provided for at the stylus point, while in recording operationsan absolute freezing of the stylus to the carriage with respect tomotion {about a vertical axis is necessary. The apparatus :of thepresent invention provides this type of L control over the stylus arm byan accurate conrtrol of the relative weights to be imposed on the 4stylus during recording and play-back operations, and furtheraccomplishes these adjustments through the operation of a single controlmem- 71381. f .While the particular examples of the apparatus of thepresent invention herein specifically de- "scribed have in practice beenfound well adapted for carrying out the objects of the invention, it is"to be understood that various modifications and changes may be made,and this invention is of the scope set forth in the appended claims.

It is claimed:

1. An apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk record ofthe type in which a turntable is rotated by a friction wheel movedradially of the turntable by a carriage which in turn is advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, the carriage carrying a stylusarm, such apparatus being characterized by a drive shaft upon'which thecarriage is partially supported and mounted for movement axially of thedrive shaft, the drive shaft having a key way and the carriage beingslotted where the drive shaft extends through the carriage, a rollerkeyed 'to the drive shaft and positioned in said slot and in contactwith the side walls thereof so as to move axially of the drive shaftwith the carriage, and means for mounting the friction wheel on thecarriage so that it is movable to and from theposition wher it isyieldingly pressed simultaneously against said roller and saidturntable.

Y 2. An apparatus for ecording and reproducing sound on a disk record ofthe type in which a turntable is rotated by a frietior radially of theturntable a carriage which in turn 'is advanced by an advancing screwdriven by the turntable, the carriage carrying a stylus arm, suchapparatus being characterized by a drive shaft extending through saidcarriage and upon which said carriage is partially mounted for movementaxially of the drive shaft, said carriage having a slot in the portionthereof through which the drive shaft extends, the drive shaft having akey way, a roller ed to the drive shaftand disposed in said slot inengagementat its ends with the walls thereof so as to move axially withthe movement of said carriage, an arm carrying said friction wheel inposition to maintain the same in the same axial alignment with "saidroller, said arm being movable to and from the position where saidfriction wheel is in simultaneous contact with said turntable saidroller.

'3. An apparatus for recording and reproduc ing sound on a disk recordof the type in which a turntable is rotated by a friction wheel movedradially of the turntable by a carriage which in turn is advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, the carriage carrying a stylusarm, such apparatus being characterized by a drive shaft'extending'through said carriage and upon which said carriage is partially mountedfor movement axially of the drive shaft, said carriage "having-aslotin'the portion thereof through which wheel moved .:the drive shaftextends, the drive shaft having a key way, a rollerkeyed to the driveshaft and disposed in said slot in engagement-at its ends with the wallsthereof so as to move axially with the movement of said carriage, an armcarrying said friction-wheel in position to maintain the same in thesame axial alignment with said roller, said arm being movable to andfrom the position where said friction wheel is in simultaneous contactwith said turntable and said roller, and means for yieldingly urgingsaid arm and friction wheel into said position.

4. An apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk record ofthe type in which a turntable is rotated by a friction wheel movedradially of the turntable by carriage which in turn-is advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, the carriage carrying a stylusarm, such apparatus being characterized by a drive shaft which extendsthrough a portion of said carriage, upon which said carriage -ispartially supported for movement axially of-said drive shaft, saidportion of said carriage having a slot, and said drive shaft having akey way, a roller member disposed in said slot'and keyed to said driveshaft, said roller including a sleeve in bearing contact with the sidewalls of said carriage and a cylinder member on said'sleeve of frictionmaterial, and means for supporting said friction wheel on said carriagefor movement to and from a position in which said friction wheel is insimultaneous contact with said cylinder member and said turntable.

5. An apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk record ofthe type in which a turntable is rotated by a friction wheel movedradially of the turntable by carriage which in turn is advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, the carriage carrying a stylusarm, such apparatus being characterized by a drive shaft which extendsthrough a portion of said carriage, upon which said carriage ispartially supported for movement axially of said drive shaft,"saidportion of said carriage having a slot, and said drive shaft havingak'ey way, a roller member disposed in said slot and keyed to said driveshaft, said roller including a sleeve in bearing contact with the sidewalls of said carriage and a cylindrical member on said sleeve offriction material, and means for upporting Said friction wheel on saidcarriage for movement to and from a'position in which said frictionwheel is in simultaneous contact with said cylinder member and saidturnable, said roller member including a U-shaped lzey, the sleeve ofsaid-roller member having a radial slot in which said key is radiallymounted.

6. In an' apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk recordof 'the type in which a turntable is rotated by a friction wheel movedradially of the "turntable by a carriage which in turn is advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, a carriage carrying a stylusarm characterized by means for mounting the stylus arm on said carriage,which means includes a member to which said stylus arm is pivoted forrotation about a horizontal. axis, said member being mounted on saidcarria e for a limited movement of a few groove widths of said stylusabout a vertical axis, means for restricting said mo'vement'of saidmember relative to said carriage, said means including'a 'tap'er e'd'pincarried by said carriage and movable within said carriage andinto'a holein saidm'em'ber and having a'portion fitting said Ih'ol'e withoutclearance for .9 thus locking said member and said carriage together,.and means mounted on said carriage including a movable element engagedwi,h said pin for moving said pin into lockingengagement with saidmember.

7. In an apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk recordof the type in which a turntable is rotated by a friction wheel movedradially oi the turntable by a carriage which in turn advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, a carriage carrying a stylusarm characterized by means for mounting the stylus arm on said'carriage,which means includes a member to which said stylus arm is pivoted forrotation about a horizontal axis, said member being mounted on saidcarriage for a limited movement of a few groove widths of said stylusabout a vertical axis, and means for restricting said movement of saidmember relative to said carriage, said means including a taperedpin-carried by said carriage and movable within said carriage and into ahole in said member,

and having a portion fitting said hole without clearance for thuslocking said member and carriage together, a movable element mounted onsaid carriage and engaged with said pin for moving said pin into lockingengagement with said member, an adjustable spring device forcontrollably counterbalancing the stylus arm, and operating means forsimultaneously releasing said spring device with prearranged recordingtension and actuating said movable element for locking said member tosaid carriage.

8. In an apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk recordof the type in which a turntable is rotated by a friction wheel movedradially of the turntable by a carriage which in turn is advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, a carriage carrying a stylusarm characterized by a member mounted on said carriage to 'which'saidstylus arm is pivoted for movement about a horizontal axis, said memberhaving an opening receiving a tapered pin mounted for vertical movementby said carriage, said tapered pin having a portion allowing a limitedmovement of the stylus arm about a vertical axis and having a portionfitting the opening i said member for locking the stylus arm againstmovement about a vertical axis with respect to said carriage, a springtension counterblancing means for said stylus arm, and a control memberrigid with cam means including a cam port-ion for vertically moving saidtapered pin and releasing said spring device.

9. In an apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk recordof the type in which a turntable is rotated b a friction wheel movedradially of the turntable by a carriage which in turn is advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, a carriage carrying a stylusarm characterized by a member mounted on said carriage for a limitedmovement about a vertical axis, said member having an opening,

a tapered pin mounted upon said carriage for vertical movement into saidopening and having a retracted position in which it allows such limitedmovement of said member and an advanced position in which it preventsthe same, and

' means on said carriage including a movable element engaged with saidpin for advancing said pin vertically from its retracted position intolocking engagement with said member, said stylus arm being pivoted tosaid member about a horizontal axis, said stylus arm pivotallysupporting about a horizontal axis a recording head.

' 10. In an apparatus for recording and repro-.

ducing'sound on a disk record of the type in,

which a turntable is rotated by a friction. wheel moved radially of theturntable b a carriage which in turn is advanced by an advancing screwdriven by the turntable, a carriage carrying a stylus arm characterizedby a member mounted on saidcarriage for a limited movement about avertical axis, said member having an opening, a tapered pin mounted uponsaid carriage for vertical movement into said opening and having aretracted position in which it allows such limited movement of saidmember and an advanced position in which it prevents the same, means onsaid carriage including a movable element engaged with said pin foradvancing said pin vertically from its retracted position into lockingengagement with said member, said stylus arm being pivoted to saidmember about a horizontal axis, said stylus arm pivotally supportingabout a horizontal axis a recording head, and a releasable spring devicefor counterbalancing said stylus arm.

11. Apparatus as defined in claim 7, including an extension carried bythe stylus arm and a cam engageable with said extension for rotatingsaid stylus arm about its horizontal axis to raise and lower the stylusarm relative to the turntable, and in which the operating means alsorotates said cam to eiiectlowering of said stylus arm simultaneouslywith the releasingof the spring device and the movement of the taperedpin into locking position.

12. In an apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk recordof the type in which a turntable is rotated by a friction wheel movedradially of the turntable by a carriage which in turn is advanced by anadvancing screw driven by the turntable, a carriage carrying a stylusarm characterized by means for mounting the stylus arm on said carriage,which means includes a member to which said stylus arm is pivoted forrotation about a horizontal axis, said member being mounted on saidcarriage for a limited movement of a few groove widths of said stylusabout a vertical axis, means for restricting said movement of saidmember relative to said carriage, said means including a locking elementcarried by said carriage and movable relative to said carriage and intointerlocking engagement with said member for locking said member andsaid carriage together against relative movement, and operating meansmounted on said carriage including a movable element engaged with saidlocking element and actuatable for moving said locking element intolocking engagement with said member.

13. Apparatus as defined in claim 12, in which the member to be lockedto the carriage carries spring means yieldably opposing movement of thelocking element into locking position and normally maintaining thelocking element engaged with the movable element.

14. Apparatus as defined in claim 12, including an extension carried bythe stylus arm and a cam engageable with said extension for rotatingsaid stylus arm about its horizontal axis to raise and lower the stylusarm relative to the turntable, and in which the operating means foractuating the movable element for moving the locking element intoposition is arranged to also actuate said cam to effect lowering of saidstylus arm relative to saidturntable.

15. Apparatus for recording and reproducing sound on a disk record,comprising: a turntable;

answers;

II? a carrla'ge;r means supporting said carriage. for movement relativeto said turntable; a drive roller carried by said carriage; a frictionwheel also carried by said carriage and engageable with said drive.roller and turntable for transmitting adrivefrom said roller to saidturntable; a first means for effecting engagement of said friction wheelwith said. roller and turntable; a carriage advancing screw driven bysaid turntable; a

otally mounted upon said carriage for movement 15 toward and away fromsaid turntable; a third meansactuatable to control the position of saidstylus arm. relative to saidturntable; and a control handle arrangedtoactuate said first means to engage said friction wheel with said rollerto drive said turntable, to actuate said second means to engage saidshoe with said: screw to effect movement of said carriage relative tosaid turn table, and to actuate said third means to lower said stylusarm toward said turntable, all upon movement of said handle to a givenposition.

ALEXANDER E. m GHILINI, LEO E. n: GHILINI, Administrators of the Estateof Ulrich L. d/i

Ghzlmi', Deceased.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the his ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 532,851 Wassenich Jan. 22, 18951,100,755 MacDonald June 23, 1914 2,180,094 Renholdt Nov. 14, 19392,267,693 Di Toro Dec. 23, 1941 2,293,217 Rieber Aug. 18, 1942 2,332,784De Sart Oct. 26, 1943' 2,434,033 Cain Jan. 6, 1948 2,455,466 BrubakerDec. '7, 1948

